ENIGMA 2000 Newsletter - Issue 14

January 2003
Articles, newsreports and Items of interest : e2k_news@hotmail.com

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Selected voice stations

To start this section a continuation from DoKent concerning the activities of S10D and M10:

S10D and M10 continued:

I would like to continue where I finished in NL13, but firstly my thanks for helpful comments and information received, particularly from GD and PoSW. Regrettably some of the details will have to be held over for NL15.

Finally to Greg Hajek - thanks Greg, for the Ingenta address, perhaps when I receive this info from them it will help me to understand the workings of the Maxim Max 436 transconductance IC.

But now back to business, below is a chart of frequencies, times and days for M10/S10D. This chart was valid from July to November inclusive and should be viewed for record purposes. These are times, days and frequencies when transmissions took place. There may be others but unless they are reported, the lists will not be complete. The second chart is current, from December 1^st . It will be seen that some frequencies have carried over and are still being used. Two frequencies are in day to day use, namely 4007//3522kHz and 4958//7605kHz. The others seem at times to be drawn out of a hat, like raffle tickets, mostly S10D transmissions.

It would appear at first glance that this is a very active group, however, the majority of transmissions are repeats. Today 11-12-02 I have copied six transmissions, two AM and four CW. Only one of these transmissions was original, the others were all repeats, some, many times over. Recently there have been some strange occurrences. On the 26-11-02 , whilst I was copying S10D on 5027kHz, GD was copying M10 on 4958kHz ( not the same message) unless of course the encryption was different, including ID s etc. This week we have this happening again.

Tuesday10-12-02, at 2100z , M10 was on 4007//3522 kHz and S10D on 7380//4835 kHz

Wednesday 11-12-02 we have this happening again, although this time both transmissions were repeats of the previous day.

There are a couple of other things that are under investigation at present but more information required before reporting on them, NL15 I hope.

As stated in NL13 I have been asked to give some background on my travels etc, particularly those in central and Eastern Europe. I hope readers will find it interesting.

My first trip abroad found me arriving in Iraq in 1955 and this was the time I first became interested in the field of amateur communications. I had been constructing equipment from a young age and this seemed a natural progression. Many happy hours were spent in front of a microphone and pounding away on a Morse key contacting people all over the world: any YI2AM operators reading this I wonder? Returning to the UK towards the end of 1956, a fairly routine life followed.

In 1975 I made my first visit to what was then Czechoslovakia, part of the old Communist eastern-bloc.

I flew into Prague airport and the plane landed in the late afternoon. There followed an unexplained long wait for an internal flight to the rural town that was my final destination. The airport in those days was not very busy and it turned out that the plane I was waiting for was parked in its appropriate position all the time. It was a twin-engine prop plane, very noisy and vibrating, quite small and there were only about eighteen passengers. When I arrived at my final destination, it was after dark and only later did I realise why.

On leaving the plane, I was surprised to see we were surrounded by a detail of armed guards who escorted us into the reception.

It was here that I almost made my first mistake. The Officer in charge of the guard detail had his radio strapped across his chest and the case was held together with elastic bands, I just about managed to hide my amusement. As it turned out, this was a military base, hence the guards.

During my ten day stay I met a number of people, many of whom I am still in contact with today. One of the most vivid memories of that visit was being taken up into the hills by a gentleman who was in the Partisans during the war. He showed me a derelict cottage where five of his friends were lined up against the wall and shot, the bullet marks were still clearly visible.

Setting out to return home, I was informed that the internal flight to Prague was cancelled and I had been allocated a sleeping compartment on the train leaving at midnight and would arrive early morning in Prague. Being shown into said compartment by this attendant, I was then told the train water system had broken down and was presented with a jug of cold water and a bowl to freshen up when we arrived. I settled down hoping to sleep through the journey. Some hope! I think the train went all over the country stopping and shunting, picking up extra carriages. Eventually arriving in Prague at 7am I found myself at the end of a very long train, heavy luggage, no porter and no trolley. By the time I arrived outside I was dead!

Fortunately there was a taxi on hand to go to the airport with a driver who only wanted foreign currency. I was not going to fall into that trap.

Eventually arriving back at Heathrow I breathed a sigh of relief and decided that future journeys would be by car, and so it continues.

I started out full of enthusiasm for this project but time and painful memories have drawn it to a premature end. I leave it to the Editor to decide if it was worthwhile.

A final word in closing Jochen, sorry I did not keep my recording of X06.

I have been asked why I did not show repeats in my write-up on M10/S10D.

Messages when written out are as I recorded. Repeating groups etc. is an operational requirement to enable the recipient to be sure that he receives it 100% thus overcoming the effects of QSB and ORM.

Best wishes to everyone in 2003, listen long and be productive. (A Stastny Novy Rok), D of Kent

Chart 1 [July to end of November]

Chart 2 [1st December to present]

Due to pressure of time there have been one or two instances recently that I would liked to have included but they will have to carry over to NL15

©DoKent

[DoKent has been persuaded to include further details of his travels behind the Iron Curtain in subsequent newsletters].

Now onto the listings:

Frequencies preceded by 'c' have been taken from an analogue receiver.

E03/E03a

Apart from the regulations concerning the reception of wireless stations within Great Britain advice on reporting intelligence matters also exists in the form of DA notices.

Whoever the messages, from E03/E03a, are aimed at ENIGMA 2000 has no wish to 'advertise' the existence of these stations to those who may not support the best interests of Great Britain, or its representatives abroad. Although we are unable to stop discussion of E03/E03a, ENIGMA 2000 will remain aloof from any such discussion and will not be including reports or analysis on E03/E03a.

E05

In keeping with other's observations PoSW sent the following, enclosing logs from October to December. This adequately illustrates the decline in the volume of traffic from Cynthia. PoSW wrote:

"E05 American Accent station;- activity again at a very low level; the two daily plus two Monday to Friday transmission schedules which sent the same message were heard for the last time on Monday 28 - October, having been on since early September. In addition several long - standing E05 schedules seem to have gone, notably the Monday and Wednesday 2200z on 6,960 // 9,090 kHz and the Sunday and Wednesday 1200z on 13,906 // 15,732 kHz - not heard for several weeks; could all be down to propagation conditions; the Saturday 1400z schedule on 18,617 // 19,622 kHz popped up again on 7 - December for the first time since 2 - November and also appeared again on 14 - December. The previously reported great hoard of carriers noted on Saturday 19 - October on a dozen known E05 frequencies suggested that Cynthia was about to become more active, but this has not proved to be the case. By the way, a similar situation was observed on Saturday 7 - December but on a smaller scale; there were very strong, S9+ unmodulated carriers on 6,960, 9,090 and 8,110 kHz around 1450z, the last with its usual attendent "Jet" QRM. There was also a strong carrier modulated with a harsh, raucous buzz , so distorted it was difficult to tune in precisely but seemed to be centred on 6,971 kHz; it may have actually been on 6,970 which is a known E05 frequency and therefore connected with the other logged frequencies."

AnonUK also discovered that E05 activity has gone right down in November and shares these loggings with us:

AnonUK also heard a strange event whilst following E05 frequencies at 0800z 23/11. On 6960 6970 8110 and 9090kHz which were on for 15 minutes, he could at times hear voices in the background, but there was no E05 transmission.

Others:

On the last day of 2002 AnonUK sent his December log remarking, "Only a very few logs of E05 for December":

E06

Gert kindly sent the latter parts of his October Log

Gert heard the above oddity and reported "Heard E06 today, wed 11 dec 2002, 19.00 utc, on 4025 kHz, calling 123456789 for 9 minutes. Test ? At 19.20 went in a null msg 617 (lasted 5 minutes). At 19.28 there was a 0123456789, only twice. Seems someone is playing around..."

PoSW wrote that the E06 English Man has dropped to a very low level in December; and that he had only been able to find the Saturday 1230z + 1330z schedule.

'E' reports E06 as:

Gert sends his December log:

E07

Of the November E07 PoSW writes:

"The early evening E07 English Man schedule. noted last month;- I thought this had gone but it has advanced by one hour in November and moved a lot lower in frequency"

In December PoSW wrote :

"The Sunday and Wednesday 1800z E07 English Man;- so far I have only been able to find the second and third sendings this month; noted on Wednesday 4 - December 1820z, 5,737kHz and 1840z, 4,612kHz, E07 with "976 976 976 1", DK/GC "451 29" x 2. Both transmissions had good carrier strength but very poor depth of modulation which made copy difficult to say the least. I have been unable to find the first sending at 1800z which presumably should be on 6,9 something if the clue to the frequency is in the "976" call but there is no sign of it. It may be flattened by the BC station on 6,973 or under one of the many strange noises on that part of the spectrum. Subsequent loggings of this schedule have all been of the "000 000" no message format, so no third sending. In contrast, the Wednesday and Friday early morning UK time E07 have been noted with strong signals and very good modulation; noted on Wednesday 11-Dec-02, 0650z, 8,103kHz and again, 0704z, 9,368kHz, transmissions in progress, second and third sendings, as per Gert's prediction List! Both very strong signals with good modulation. On Friday 13- Dec-02, just had time to catch the second sending, 0635z - and 35 seconds - "913 913 913 1", DK/GC "107 219" x 2; a long message. Perhaps the same message was sent on Wednesday resulting in late running which was why things were still in progress after 0700z."

Gert's log:

E10

From our E10 desk for Nov 02 by frequency

E10 Comments

During this month there has been 5 occasions where during a transmission of the "repeat" group message the transmission has suddenly ended about halfway through the longest message. Each time it involved a station sending two group messages in the same broadcast. (With the exception of EZI on the 2nd Nov.)

• 22:50 02 Nov EZI G116 on 9.130

• 23:18 08 Nov ULX G117 + G26 on 4.880

• 23:01 12 Nov ART2/ART G115+G19 on 6.986 & 5.435

• 23:03 13 Nov ART G115+G19 on 6.986

• 23:04 22 Nov ART G115+G19 on 6.986

As regards ART the opening call on the 12 Nov was by ART2 on 5.435 at 22:59 hrs. It used its C/S twice, and at 23:01 the c/s changed to ART with the G115 + G19 messages. At approximately 23:25 halfway through the repeat of the G115 message it just went dead. This also occurs on the 13th & 22nd with the identical group messages and frequency. Could this be a faulty recording that they are not aware of, or a deliberate ploy? As you can see ART has been very active this month sending large group messages, sometimes two in the same transmission on 5.435 and 6.986

It would appear at the moment, that CIO2 & MIW2 have reverted back to the standard freq's and stopped using the .5 add on (See NL 13), and for some reason VLB2, SYN2, CIO2 have all swopped freq's (17th of Nov.)

Just when I was beginning to think that the exotic was not going to appear up popped CIO4C9QPO on the 18Nov at 20:52 hrs it transmitted the header only until 21:52 hrs when it ended.

Longest/Shortest Group Message

• YHF G123

• ART G9

Frequency Changers

Sp.Headers & C/s Variations

CIO4C9QPO

Top Five

• ART

• VLB2

• SYN2

• CIO2

• MIW2

©BMDartford [28 November 2002]

E10 Dec 02

From our E10 desk for December 02 by frequency

E10 comments

09 Dec. KPA2 initiated 3 calls on 7.605 commencing at 23:11hrs and was then replaced by MIW2 at 2316hrs on the same freq. (This freq is normally used by MIW2)

VLB Special

5 Dec 02: I was pleased to receive an email at the E10 desk this afternoon concerning the activity of VLB during the 4th Dec which preceded the period I was listening to on the 5th Dec. The combination of both pieces of information indicated this was something special and I will try to outline the sequence of events from the info received.

The Repeated Group 37 Message was as follows

NXUVR SJNGA VFWYN NWGZZ AATHA BUIQS MPKZQ KITWR LOHAC TNWJS ALDQS IYNDK NXFFP ZPPLJ ZVXMP TQEHZ YHVZD HOSUJ AJYIG XYREP PJHUN OOJYF EOGOV VDGQP PKIIR TOYST AIPIW WELIC QVEBF RSGWI EGIHL GUERN QIMIQ VITEI WONJE NVTEL CJGKG

• 11/14th Dec 02.
  VLB2 has remained busy these last few days using its c/s only and as expected no group messages, the normal transmission time being 5 mins, until this evening at 21:03 hrs when it lasted for 45 mins. Perhaps a warning / prelude to more intense activity to come. Well for the rest of the evening nothing did! But the 12th of Dec at 22:42hrs VLB came to life for 7 mins only, but no expected group message. At 23:42hrs VLB2 again appeared, ending at 23:50hrs so back to normal. On the13 Dec VLB2 extended its call time to 47mins (21:03 to 21:50hrs) and this has carried on into the 14th of Dec at the 2100 and 2300hrs transmission times. At this precise moment VLB2 has been on air now for 71 mins 23:03 to 00:14 and is still calling. The current freq's being 5.230 & 4.105, 5.230 with good clear reception.

• 18/25th Dec.
  Transmission times seem to have normalised all current calls are of 5mins duration.

Longest/Shortest Group Message

• ART G143

• ART G11

Frequency Changers

Sp.Headers & C/S Variations

• VLB 25

• VLB 30

• VLB 50

• VLB 55

*I cannot claim to have heard VLB25, VLB50, or VLB55 on the 4 Dec though I have logged it. This information was kindly passed to me which coincided with what I heard on the 5th Dec (VLB30) and the other activity from the VLB network.

Top 5 Heard

• VLB2

• CIO2

• ART

• SYN2

• MIW2

©BMDartford [27 December 2002]

Many monitors have noticed the increase in E10 activity. BM has produced a very useful chart which outlines the activity of certain stations.

E10 Monitored Networks & Callsigns Commencing Dec 01 to Dec 02

As at 26 Dec 02

Top Ten Confirmed Most Heard

Currently Used frequency/s Underlined

I cannot claim to have heard VLB25, VLB50, VLB55 on the 4 Dec though I have logged it. This information was kindly passed to me which coincided with what I heard on the 5th Dec (VLB30) and with the other activity from the VLB network.

©BMDartford [Thanks Bob, excellent work].

E11

Tuesday and Thursday transmissions have changed its freqs. At the time of writing only 1230z frequency had been found:

Then Gert of Holland also notifies us of the new E11 slot:

Checks being made to confirm possibility that it exists on other days too.

E15

We print the known schedule [as prev issue 6]:

E15 was heard by PoSW who notified E2k:

E17

From 'Alpha' Germany, via 'Spooks'

E17Z

AnonUK noted this on Thursday 28th at 0800 on 11170, call was 674 with a null message.

PLondon & Gert

0800z sending as follows:
674 674 674 00000 Sequence repeated until 0804:30z

Station confirmed as E17Z by Gert

E18

Gert in Holland heard the following E18 transmission:

E23

Best frequency is usually 8188kHz. 4 weekly cycle starting on the first Monday of the Month.

Transmits Monday Wednesday and Thursday:

Week 4 in AM only.

Report from AF is:

E25

Nil reports.

German speaking stations

It's often been noticed that several stations reel off numbers in German, but, judging by the accent, that language is not necessarily the speakers native tongue.

The fact that a message is sent in German, merely proves the sender and recipient understand German. The use of a specific language also conceals the true nationality of the sender/receiver. This was proved by previous operations, notably pre D-Day, the amount of messages sent, or address groups monitored, was not necessarily a true indicator of agents/units actually in the field. Thus it would seem an excellent subterfuge to get counter intelligence units hunting for non existent stations/agents.

Up until fairly recently the well educated upper classes in Hungary spoke German, probably a throw back to the Austro- Hungarian Empire days. Quite a few Baltic nations, particularly the Croatian group, speak German as a second language.

It is of interest to readers that until the 60s potential officers in the Soviet air force were required to speak either German or English before being eligible for enlistment. [TnxAnonMW]

G04

Freqs previously reported as follows [Date: 2105z freq 2135z freq]:

Predicted sendings for November were correct and reported widely, including BMDartford, our E10 desk:

Whilst both sendings were strong in S.London a chirp was noted on the open carrier prior and after the sending. The AF quality was also slightly poor. Over-modulation, Bad neutralisation or input seeing the output? 'E' noted the audio feedback/tape rewind at end of first transmission. E also noted the usual part sending of the message on the second freq [4370kHz] at 2122z. [This is no accidental sending and occurs with most sendings around 2120 to 2125z on the second freq. It occurs prior to the first sending too].

December sending expected to be on 4110/4210kHz was correct as PLondon reports:

Both sendings were strong, initially S9+, tipping the meter to +10dBs on the second sending.

January offering may well be heard on 3440/3340kHz

G06

December's sending via Gert:

G22

A good find from our E10 desk reveals:

S06

Gert found the new Tuesday [1st and 3rd] slot for S06

Selco reports:

and Gert's log:

RN UK heard:

and 'E' reported:

Finally Gert alerted E2k to this:

Gert wrote :

"At 1632z the S06 signal was brutally jammed, S06 was not audible anymore. At 1635z both S06 and the jammer went off air."

S06C

MP heard:

S10

This is described simply as S10:

S10D

Read DoKent's article at beginning of this section.

PoSW notes that S10 activity seems to be down in November compared with October; the Saturday 1520z transmission on 8,175 kHz has turned out to be a regular weekly slot and the only other S10s I have logged were on 6,945 on both Wednesday and Thursday of last week. I have been checking other known frequencies such as 5,301 and 8,112 but found no sign of S10 activity although 5,301 was noted with M10 CW at 2200z on Tuesday 5 - Nov. Anyway my complete log for this month so far is as follows;-

Latter date October observations from Gert:

For December PoSW writes

S10E

Expected on 23/09 this station did not show. The Morse station M10E was likewise but heard again, on Wednesday 6^th November at 0800z on 7381kHz

S11 Kreska

Nil Reports

S17C

From PoSW:

V02

PoSW's log certainly filled in the gaps that were apparent in reports from the other side of the Atlantic:

Logs taken fron 'Spooks':

V02A

V07

Gert of Holland heard V07 at 0620z on 12/11:

He suggested 12152kHz for the 0600z offering and 14952kHz for 0640z.

Gert also mentioned that V07 observes UTC/GMT[z] whilst family member E07 keeps CET/+1GMT[a]

PoSW confirmed Gert's suggested 0640z frequency by sending this:

[PoSW also observed the variation caused by the shift from CET to GMT]. Gert sent details as:
159-3210/118=07423
and followed up with a fuller report in his late offering:

V08

The V08 Arabic YL showed up on the first Saturday in November and was heard by PoSW:

The V08 Arabic YL turned up as expected on 7 - December , the first Saturday in the month, at 1900z on 6,647 kHz - reverted to this frequency after having been on 6,645 kHz in August, September and November - missed in October! The return to 6,647 has brought back all the strange clicking noises and "High cycle" power supply ripple, always noted on previous occasions when 6,647 was used but not observed on 6,645 so perhaps two separate transmitters are available. The carrier came up at 1842z with the aforementioned background noises, audio tone from 1852 until after 1859, then the YL voice starting up a few seconds after 1900z; no preceding Eastern music. This was a very short transmission, must be the shortest ever from V08! The voice stopped just after 1903z followed by a few seconds of Eastern music, carrier QRT just before 1905z. [Tnx PoSW].

V13

XP

October's freqs via JoA, PLondon

ID259

October morning sendings were not affected by the clock change from BST to GMT. As a result only the 0620z sending was heard by Gert in Holland, the British monitors all in transit to work.

ID297

Other schedules:

ID520

November frequencies via JoA and AnonUK

ID546

The morning sendings of 12/11 lasted 6m42s; dk/gc of 1572/138. [PLondon experienced problems with the tones which appeared to be -30Hz adrift from the nominals]. Whilst the traffic was not decoded it is suggested that two messages may have been passed.

As per usual with 0740z sending the 22/11 offering shared the freq with a BC station. Prior to the usual raiding of the carrier at 0732z data was heard between 0725 and 0727z. A strong carrier appeared at 0732z and hetrodyned with the regular occupants. The polytone transmission was heralded by the sending of a very strong, single 1200Hz tone at 0733z.

The final transmission on the freq for November [29/11] started poorly on the 13M freq at 0700z with some fading, however the 14477kHz sending at 0720z was of better strength preceded by strong 1200Hz tones at 0714. The carrier raised for a few seconds at 0708z and came back at 0713z followed by three longish toned and then a series of short rapid tones, almost a pulse train. The resultant sending was a good strong signal with little fading at PLondon's central London works QTH.

ID786

JoA reports for the 2140z 12/11 sending: QRM-extraneous Morse like impulses heterodyning with the slow part of poly causing distortion. QRM-Jet-like gross interference for a few seconds @2142:57z completely blocking out XP message. (B.Up 2133:30, Up 2134:34 [late]). The sendings on 19/11 lasted circa 4m30s and were good strong sigs. However PLondon informed us that the 5871kHz 2120z sending had a sudden, brief loss of carrier at 2123z. The signal returned immediately, finishing at 2124:30z.

The carrier for the 2120z sending on 21/11 was raised late, appearing at 2114z. To make up for this lateness the errant operator rewarded the E2k monitors with six 1200Hz tones at 2115z.

XP (ID-786): 2100/20/40z 26/11:Unusual in that the transmissions were so early that they finished before the usual start times. The signal strength of the first one being so weak that the carrier wave was not detected before commencement of the polytone. 6787kHz ~2057:40-2059:58z (E) less than S1, background noise, v.poor, 0msg. 5872kHz 2117:36-2119:54z (E) S9+25/30dB QRN, 0msg. It was unusual that the signal strengths of 6787 & 5872 were so different. [JoA]

2100z et al sendings for 28/11 were weak. At JoA's location the signal strength was described as 'immeasurable' whilst PLondon received 2100z at a varying S1 to 3, 2120z at S0 to S1. Some problems with a BC stn.

ID771

XP (ID-771): 2110/30/50z 26/11: 7727kHz 2110:01-2112:20z (E) S1, background noise, v.poor, 0msg. 6781kHz 2130:01-2132:20z (E) S1/S2 noise, QRM-digital or v.fast morse in first minute, v.poor, 0msg. [JoA]

December freqs via AnonUK, JoA and PLondon.

ID929

First message sent [03/12] consisted of a 112 group message followed by a 138group offering. [AnonUK]. That sent 05/12* appeared to be a singular 258 group message. Note it was sent on a THURSDAY. Why? The Scheduled Friday sending [06/12] dk/gc was different: possibly 3421/117 - a 117 group message. The Thursday sending was no mistake, the dk/gc proves that. Is the first Thurs a regular slot? The transmissions sent 10/11 concealed two messages dk/gc 1092/93 and 3421/171. The sending lasted 6 mins..20/12 saw a 51 group message sent, all transmissions starting one minute early; dk/gc 02366/00051.

The Christmas eve transmission carrier came up late at 0655z and briefly disappeared at 0656z, reappearing at 0657z with two 1200Hz tones. The signal strength in South London was variable and changed between S7 to +20dBs. There also appeared to be a rapid variation of tx power. The null message was completed without problem. However at 0713z the carrier rose only to go down again after a few seconds. When it reappeared at 0714z it too displayed this 'rapid variation' between S8 and +15dBs.

After the 929 000 sending the carrier stayed up until 0723z. At 0732x the carrier appeared, on 12208kHz, its strength varying between +10dBs to +20dBs and it seemed as though the tx was being tested for an output/power loss problem. This 'testing' continued until 0805 when the carrier was removed and the local S5 noise was heard until around 0814z when the carrier again reappeared at +25dBs.

ID975

December sees the use of two frequencies in use in the 5MHz band, strangely only 210kHz apart. [The same can be seen in the second schedule sending too]. The signal strengths varied with PLondon on 05/12: 5941kHz +10dBs, 5731kHz +20dBs. Why the strength variation and why the two close freqs when the same freq could have been used. Does this mean a different freq for a different recipient? The third freq 4581kHz was used on 12/12 with a short message but suffered from tty qrm. The morning sending on 13/13 was excellent quality dk/gc 09259/00141. Two messages were sent on 17/12 06423/107 and 4312/00073. The last sending at 2140z was of excellent strength in South London, exceeding +40dBs. Interestingly the 2140z freq had the carrier up for some seconds at 2105z. A test due to problems experienced 0713z 24/12? Message was 01609/00129.

ID993

Like the first schedule this also sees two freqs in the 5Mhz band in use [exactly as last year], this time 568kHz apart. The same questions, outlined above need to be asked and answered. The second freq, 5927kHz is a poor choice and suffers with het with the BC stn on or near that freq. This seems to have little effect to the actual signals, the traces being clearly seen via spectran.. 17/12 sending was a 97 group message, dk/gc 0627/00097. 5927kHz is a particularly poor frequency which suffers Radio Prague as a close neighbour. The 17/12 message was repeated on the 20/12 sending. 2110z sending of 27/12 was late.

Late XP

Gert of Holland heard a late offering of this signal as:

XPH

Via Laurent Carbonnaux via 'Spooks':

Attempts to find this transmission on other days, including weds 11/12, 18/12 and 25/12 at 0700/0800/0900z, have failed.

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